Astr 328 Jan 27, 2003: The distance scale  

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What do we look for in a good distance indicator?

SZ review

Another absolute indicator: gravitational lensing time delay

Geometry of gravitational lensing

Time delay equation

Distance ladder measures: 1 AU to the LMC

Distance modulus

LMC distance measurements

Cepheid variables as standard candles

Basis of P-L relation

Observational nitty-gritty details

Calibration of P-L relation

Plot of P-L relation

HST H0 Key project

M100 in Virgo cluster

M100 Cepheid light curves