Astr 328 Feb 3, 2003: The distance scale: PNLF and dynamical distance indicators  

Luminosity distribution of planetary nebulae

Evolutionary paths for PN central stars

PNLF for different galaxies

PNLF for and against

Distance ladder -- what gets used where?

Dynamical distance indicators

Tully Fisher for disk galaxies

Rough physical justification

What needs to stay constant for this to work?

Observational hassles

Examples of spectra for linewidth estimation

Which passband for luminosity measurement?

T-F calibration plots for B, R, I and H band

TF for and against

How about ellipticals?

Dn - sigma

And the fundamental plane

Fundamental plane diagrams

Use for clusters to increase accuracy

Pros and cons of Dn-sigma